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cruel social policies in Latin America



social policies in Latin America: global laboratory
By Alain Lipietz


The weight of the classical left (the 50s) is it remained too strong to meet the challenges of the new century? It is probably significant that a representative of the "new left", referring to the ecology, which has had the opportunity to confront the heir of Alvaro Uribe in the last country left to right, Colombia.

We here examine the new social policies in Latin America experienced, how they are insufficient for lasting change to the situation of the poorest and consolidate the hegemony of conventional forces of the left (of the Christian Democratic Progressive Communists), and same time they remain sources of inspiration for the future, not only in Latin America but in Europe.

Latin American countries have indeed experienced a long-standing economic and social change relatively synchronous [1]. From the 1930s, one after the other, they adopt the model says "CEPALien" of import substitution. Socially, they are important elements of what the North, will be called Roosevelt model, social democratic, social market economy, oligopoly social Fordist model ... They will do a particularly grotesque: extreme organization and employment relations policy Social (referred corporatism) but in fact restricted to a labor aristocracy.

From the 1970s, this model is in crisis and in Latin America than is experienced under dictatorship inspired by the doctrine of the Chicago Boys, which became the neoliberal model. Popular resistance to the destruction of social policy takes the form of a new popular associationism (Non Governmental Organisations, social cooperatives, etc.). Spent by the World Bank, these initiatives will codify public policy that in turn inspire the "social-liberalism" of the North ...

forces Left returned to power largely recover this "acquired" but in return, economically, the model of import substitution. What prevents them from consolidating their social infrastructure is better than dictatorships social reaction, but too little, and everything is still reversible. At the same time, high productivity, inherent in this economic policy puts them at odds against the new social movements, beginning with the indigenous movement. Hence the rapid slowing of the classical left, the risk of alternating right and the emergence of a new left environmentalist.

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